PHI 445 Week 1
Discussion
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Week 1 Discussion
Utilitarianism, Deontology, and
Virtue Ethics: Case Study: Starbucks
This discussion assignment requires
you to submit at least four posts: an initial post, two reply posts to fellow
students in threads other than your own, and a revised post in response to the
professor’s feedback.
Prepare: The initial post in
this discussion must be informed by the required material for this discussion.
Your preparation should focus on three classical ethical theories that are
fundamental in any ethical analysis: utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue
ethics. Since the subject of your examination is the Starbucks case, make sure
to view the relevant multimedia carefully with an eye toward the various
ethical problems that this company has had to confront.
Reflect: Keep in mind that
although the notion of the moral good will vary among ethical theories, they
often produce the same or similar results. So you should focus on the
differences in (a) the intent and (b) the consequences of the action under
examination. In utilitarianism, for example, the consequences of the action are
weightier than the intent. Accordingly, even if the intent was morally
questionable, the action is nonetheless morally good if it achieves good
consequences for most. The opposite would be the case if the action were being
examined from a deontological point of view. These reflections will aid your
selection of an ethical theory for your initial post, as well as your critical
examinations of the analysis from fellow students.
Write: Start your initial post
by identifying two characteristics of utilitarianism, two characteristics of
virtue ethics, and two characteristics of deontology. Organize this part of
your post so that it is clear which characteristics belong to which ethical
theory. You can do this by means of subtitles, or by presenting a table. You should
aim to write one complete and clear sentence for each characteristic rather
than just one or a few words.
Then, take the position that
Starbucks is guided by utilitarianism and analyze how the notion of the moral
good in utilitarianism leads to a unique approach to ethical problems. The way
to do this is as follows:
• First, present an ethical problem
confronted by Starbucks. You can choose one such ethical problem from the
video.
• Then, apply the characteristics
of utilitarianism that you identified for this discussion in the attempt to
solve this problem.
• After this, analyze how the
notion of the moral good present in utilitarianism, and the characteristics
that you identified in particular, shape the approach to solving this problem.
Revise: This is your chance to
correct any oversights or errors in your initial post, or show your improved
understanding of the ethical theories and their applications. Start by reading
the feedback provided by your professor to your initial post, either directly to
you or to your fellow students. Use this as an opportunity to learn from your
professor, especially with regard to the best ways to apply the course material
and your research to your analysis. On the basis of what you have learned in
this process, post an improved revision of your initial post that applies the
additional knowledge that you have gained.
Remember that your grade depends on
the quality of your initial and revised responses, not just on the submission
of an attempt at improvement. It is thus to your advantage to post the best
initial post you can and then to also improve that best effort as much as you
can through revision. Taking this process seriously will help you develop the
skills you need to do well on the final project.
Requirements for Your
Initial Post:
• Your initial post should be at
least 400 words in length and have citations and references in APA notation. It
should address the prompt in its entirety. This means that you should not split
your response to the prompt in multiple posts. Your examination should be both
thorough and succinct. This is a combination that demands time and thought, so
give yourself sufficient time to draft and revise.
• Please be advised that until you
post, you will not see what your fellow students are posting. Once you submit
your post, you will be able to view the posts from your other classmates. You
can then proceed to reply to at least two different threads based on the
required material for this discussion on virtue ethics and deontology.
• Your list of references for your
initial post should include the video and the other required material for this
discussion, including Section 1.3 of the textbook on Starbucks, as well as the
Instructor Guidance and any other announcements presented to you by your
professor. Use all of the material presented to you in the course and by your
professor, in addition to any other sources that you consulted to inform
yourself about Starbucks (but not Wikipedia or similar sources).
• Your initial post for this
discussion should be submitted no later than the end of Thursday (11:59 pm,
U.S. Mountain time).
Requirements for Replies to
Other Threads:
• At least two of the four posts
required should be in the form of replies to fellow classmates in threads other
than your own.
• Each of your replies should be at
least 200 words and informed by the course material. As such, the replies must
have citations and references in APA notation. Your list of references for each
reply should include all of the course material that has informed your reply,
in addition to any research that you have obtained on your own.
• One of your replies should
identify the notion of the moral good in deontology and compare that to the
account of utilitarianism in Starbucks presented in your fellow student’s post.
Analyze how these different notions of the moral good lead to different
approaches with regard to how to address the problem even if, ultimately, the
result turns out to be the same or similar.
• In your second reply, you should
identify the notion of the moral good in virtue ethics and compare and discuss
that to the account of utilitarianism in Starbucks presented in your fellow
student’s post. Analyze how these different notions of the moral good lead to
different approaches with regard to how to address the problem even if,
ultimately, the result turns out to be the same or similar.
• Your replies should focus on the
specific examination presented by your fellow student and should include an
examination of whether or not the characteristics of the ethical theory were
identified well, and whether or not their application and analysis were also
carried out successfully. Providing such an examination is not an attack on
your fellow student but an attempt to work together with your fellow student
toward the better understanding of the ethical theories employed, as well as
their application.
Requirements for Revising
your Initial Post:
• Submit a revision of your initial
post by either replying to your own post, or to the feedback provided to you by
your professor.
• There is no minimum word requirement for your revised
initial post. But you should always explain the reasons for revising your post
so that it is clear what you are doing. If you are revising only a few words,
or an application of an ethical theory, you should avoidsubmitting a post with
vague language such as: “duty ethics works better here” or “I did not consider
that the end does not justify the means.” It is important to recognize that no
one can read your mind so you need to provide the setting for your revision
(Why? What prompted it? What course material informed you?), and it is
important to write in clear language and complete sentences.
• Consider your revised initial post as your chance to
correct any oversights or errors in your initial post, or to show your improved
understanding of the material and its applications to the case at hand. You
may, for example, come to the realization that your conclusion did not take
into account important factors necessary for your evaluation of the situation.
• You should maximize the improvement of your initial post by
employing your professor’s feedback as a guide. Keep in mind that you may not
always receive direct feedback from your professor. But your professor will
have submitted feedback in the discussion to other posts. So read your
professor’s feedback whether it is addressed to you directly or to other fellow
students. This will give you much to think about and apply to your own post.
• If your professor or a fellow classmate responds to your
revised initial post, and on this basis, you find good reason to submit yet
another revision (in addition to a revision that you may have already
submitted), then by all means do so. Keep in mind that four posts is the
minimum, not the maximum number of posts that you may submit. The more you
improve your initial post, the more you will benefit both in terms of your
learning and most likely your grade.
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