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PSYC 341 Week 7 Exam
· Question 1
The term ______________ was coined in 1973 by biologist
Michael Ghiselin (1973), and later popularized by the anthropologist John Tooby
and psychologist Leda Cosmides in the early 1990s.
· Question 2
For Charles Darwin, it has been clear that all life forms
are confronted with two fundamental problems of adaptation, namely __________
and ___________.
· Question 3
Buss and his colleague Heidi Greiling propose _______
distinct sources of individual differences
· Question 4
Evolutionary theory of personality argues that the theory
rates quite highly ______________________.
· Question 5
The fourth adaptive personality system revolves around one's
capacity and commitment to work and is the core characteristic of
_______________.
· Question 6
________ are evolved strategies that solve important
survival and/or reproductive problems.
Question 7
The evolutionary process of natural and sexual selection and
chance results in _____ distinct outcomes.
· Question 8
Traits that happen as a result of adaptations but are not
part of the functional design are called _________.
· Question 9
___________ mechanisms are internal and specific cognitive,
motivational, and personality systems that solve specific survival and
reproduction problems.
· Question 10
Which statement is most true for the evolutionary theory of
personality as it relates as a guide for practitioners in psychology:
· Question 11
_____________ is change in gene function that does not
involve changes in DNA
· Question 12
People high in __________ are also driven and ambitious.
· Question 13
The essence of Buss's theory of personality revolves around
adaptive problems and their _____________.
· Question 14
Psychological mechanisms relevant to personality can be
grouped into all the following categories, except:
· Question 15
_________ is also marked by a tendency to take risks and to
experience positive emotion (i.e., be happy) and initiating and maintaining
friendships and relationships.
· Question 16
Psychological mechanisms relevant to personality can be
grouped into _______ main categories.
· Question 17
The tendency to assume that the environment alone can
produce behavior void of a stable internal mechanism is called ___________.
· Question 18
As a young man, Skinner wanted to become a
· Question 19
According to Skinner, scientists seldom fabricate data
mostly because
· Question 20
The label that best fits Skinner's work is
· Question 21
Concerning emotions, Skinner believed all EXCEPT which of
the following?
· Question 22
Skinner believed that some behavior is unconscious because
the person does not think about the aversive stimuli connected with it. Not
thinking about aversive stimuli is an example of
Question 23
For Skinner, natural selection
· Question 24
To Skinner, human personality is shaped by
· Question 25
The systematic withholding of reinforcement previously
contingent upon a response until the probability of the response diminishes to
zero is Skinner's definition of
· Question 26
Skinner believed that the most useful data for predicting and
controlling behavior are
· Question 27
Skinner believed that human behavior is shaped by all these
factors EXCEPT
· Question 28
Skinner's technique of "doing something else" is
used
· Question 29
According to Skinner, the rate of operant extinction depends
largely upon the
· Question 30
The three conditions essential to operant conditioning are
· Question 31
On the subject of dreams, Skinner believed that
· Question 32
People, who make rewards or punishments contingent on the
behavior of another are using which of Skinner's methods of social control?
· Question 33
Skinner defines negative reinforcement as any condition
that,
· Question 34
For Bandura, learning through modeling involves
· Question 35
Bandura recognizes all of these as processes that govern
observational learning EXCEPT
According to Bandura, collective efficacy
· Question 37
The first requirement for internal self-regulation,
according to Bandura, is
· Question 38
In order for observational learning to lead to new response
patterns, Bandura claims that those patterns must be
· Question 39
Ordinarily, the strongest source of self-efficacy, according
to Bandura, is
· Question 40
Bandura believes that ______ is a mechanism common to all
successful therapy techniques.
· Question 41
According to Bandura, collective efficacy is lowered when
· Question 42
Bandura holds that reinforcement is
· Question 43
The bureaucrat who answers criticism by responding
"That's the way things are done around here" is using Bandura's
disengagement technique of
Question 44
Bandura's treatment technique that involves the extinction
of anxiety or fear through self- or therapist-induced relaxation is
· Question 45
Compared to Skinner's approach, Bandura's theory is more
Question 46
Bandura believes that motivation to change dysfunctional
behavior is enhanced by
· Question 47
Bandura believes that both external and internal factors
play a role in self-regulation. An example of an internal factor would be
· Question 48
Bandura reasons that if behavior were completely a function
of the environment,
Question 49
According to Bandura, depressed individuals are inclined to
punish themselves severely for poor performance. This illustrates a distortion
of
· Question 50
A terrorist dismisses the death of one hostage as
unimportant in comparison to the hundreds of his comrades killed by government
security forces. This illustrates Bandura's disengagement technique of
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